%PDF-1.4 % 1 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 1 /Kids [ 2 0 R ] >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 1 0 R /Resources << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /Font << /QuickPDFF811a1a3e 70 0 R /QuickPDFF1577969c 111 0 R >> >> /Contents [ 5 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 595.2756 841.8898 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 595.2756 841.8898 ] >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1 0 R /Metadata 112 0 R >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Producer (Debenu Quick PDF Library 11.15 \(www.debenu.com\)) /Creator (Debenu Quick PDF Library 11.15 \(www.debenu.com\)) /CreationDate (D:20190516161939+02'00') /ModDate (D:20190516161939+02'00') >> endobj 5 0 obj << /Length 2742 /LC /iSQP >> stream 0 Tr /QuickPDFF1577969c 14 Tf 0 0 0 rg 100 Tz 0 Tw 0 Tc 0 Ts BT 1 0 0 1 82.6258 770.8329 Tm (Practical Considerations for Determining Euler Pole Parameters for the)Tj 1 0 0 1 148.7338 752.1709 Tm (Terrestrial Reference Frames in the United States)Tj ET /QuickPDFF1577969c 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 217.7338 717.2179 Tm (Jacob Heck and Dru Smith \(USA\))Tj ET /QuickPDFF1577969c 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 675.188 Tm 14.663 TL (Key words: )' ET /QuickPDFF811a1a3e 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 141.7323 675.188 Tm 14.454 TL (GNSS/GPS; Positioning; Reference frames; Euler pole; geodesy)' ET /QuickPDFF1577969c 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 646.8416 Tm 14.663 TL (SUMMARY)' ET /QuickPDFF811a1a3e 11 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 618.4951 Tm 14.454 TL (As part of its mission to maintain the National Spatial Reference System \(NSRS\), the U.S. National Geodetic)' (Survey \(NGS\) plans to modernize the NSRS in 2022. As part of this modernization, NGS will define four)' (new terrestrial reference frames for the North American, Pacific, Caribbean and Mariana tectonic plates)' (based upon IGS14 and the Euler Pole Parameters of the stable parts of those plates.)' ()' (However, the determination of the rotation of the so-called stable part of any tectonic plate requires that)' (several issues be resolved as part of the overall solution. These include defining the part of the plate)' (considered stable, the treatment of non-rotational horizontal secular and episodic motions, the availability)' (of and quality of geodetic data for each tectonic plate, the use of non-GNSS methods in Euler pole)' (determination and the stability of the Euler pole itself. The Pacific and North American plates each have)' (many Continuously Operating Reference Stations \(CORS\) that can be used in the determination of plate)' (motion. The Mariana and Caribbean plates, however, are much more sparse in their CORS data availability)' (and therefore present unique challenges when it comes to determining the Euler pole parameters. This paper)' (provides the current state-of-the-art for each of these issues for each of the four plates; with each plate being)' (chosen since it contains a significant part of the United States and its Territories.)' ET /QuickPDFF811a1a3e 10 Tf 0 0 0 rg BT 1 0 0 1 56.6929 163.8497 Tm 13.14 TL (__________________________________________________________________________________________)' ()' (Practical Considerations for Determining Euler Pole Parameters for the Terrestrial Reference Frames in the United)' (States \(10002\))' (Jacob Heck and Dru Smith \(USA\))' ()' (FIG Working Week 2019)' (Geospatial information for a smarter life and environmental resilience)' (Hanoi, Vietnam, April 2226, 2019)' ET endstream endobj 6 0 obj << /Length 316 /Filter /FlateDecode >> stream xMRKnCAۿSpk`y^Uu[jIɒT%C/:b}Rx\%=
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